Middle+Ages+Unit

MIDDLE AGES; EARLY AND LATE Essential Questions: How do the motivations of people evolve? Fall of Rome:  Rise of Feudalism   Emergence and Role of Christianity   Rise of Nation States   Crusades   Plague   100 years War   Magna Carta **Content Statement 1:** Historians and archaeologists describe historical events and issues from the perspectives of people living at the time to avoid evaluating the past in terms of today’s norms and values.
 * __History: __ **

**Content Statement 2:** The civilizations that developed in Greece and Rome had an enduring impact on later civilizations. This legacy includes governance and law, engineering and technology, art and architecture, as well as literature and history. The Roman Empire also played an instrumental role in the spread of Christianity.

__**Geography **__ **Content Statement 12:** Maps and other geographic representations can be used to trace the development of human settlement over time.
 * Content Statement 3: ** Germanic invasions helped to break up the Roman Empire and set the stage for the development of feudal and manorial systems. Later invasions helped establish Mongol dominance in central Asia and led to the destruction of the Byzantine Empire by the Turks.
 * Content Statement 5: ** Achievements in medicine, science, mathematics and geography by the Islamic civilization dominated most of the Mediterranean after the decline of the Roman Empire. These achievements were introduced into Western Europe as a result of the Muslim conquests, Crusades and trade, influencing the European Renaissance.
 * Content Statement 18: ** With the decline of feudalism, consolidation of power resulted in the emergence of nation states.
 * Content Statement 13: ** Geographic factors promote or impede the movement of people, products and ideas.
 * Content Statement 14: ** Trade routes connecting Africa, Europe and Asia fostered the spread of technology and major world religions

__ **Government ** __ Content Statement 16: The ability to understand individual and group perspectives is essential to analyzing historic and contemporary issues.

__**Economics **__ **Content Statement 19:** Individuals, governments and businesses must analyze costs and benefits when making economic decisions. A cost-benefit analysis consists of determining the potential costs and benefits of an action and then balancing the costs against the benefits.

**Content Statement 20:** The variability in the distribution of productive resources in the various regions of the world contributed to specialization, trade and interdependence.

Content Statement 21: The growth of cities and empires fostered the growth of markets. Market exchanges encouraged specialization and the transition from barter to monetary economies. Secondary Content Statements:


 * History:**
 * Content Statement 8: ** Empires in Africa (Ghana, Mali and Songhay) and Asia (//**Byzantine**//, Ottoman, Mughal and China) grew as commercial and cultural centers along trade routes.


 * Content Statement 4: ** Mongol influence led to unified states in China and Korea, but the Mongol failure to conquer Japan allowed a feudal system to persist

Web sites: Navy's Medical website on Okinawa Class web site